Adoption - a wonderful and tremendously challenging gift - seems to be a theme in my life right now. In my family, I have cousins who have recently adopted from Ethiopia and Tanzania. I have friends in the States hoping to adopt locally and from abroad. It has been such a blessing to hear their stories and how others are helping them and supporting them.
The prevailing thought in the UK regarding adoption is very different. Is it a cultural difference? Is it because of legislation? I have been trying to figure it out for the last 3 years. I try to ask questions, but you have to be careful how you ask and who you ask. Adoption just isn't as prevalent.
I am not an authority or (at this time) a participant. These are merely observations about the differences in the practice of local adoption in the UK versus the US.
1. Legislation - The law here holds to the philosophy (I don't know if it is evidence-based or not) that it is in a child's best interest that they are in the home of their blood relatives, preferably mom and dad. I think all of us would agree with that. This means that for families that struggle with alcohol/drug addiction, abuse/neglet, the children will be sent to 'respite' foster care while the social services work with the parents. Then the children are brought back into the home until the next episode occurs. In extreme cases this can go on for years before someone finally says, 'Enough.' By the time most of these children are then 'released' for adoption, they are much older and can be very troubled. I know someone who adopted a little girl who, years on from the event, still struggles socially due to her chaotic upbringing. These types of stories unfortunately become sensationalized in the tabloid media about 'damaged' children and the ruin they bring on their unsuspecting adoptive families. Of course, no one wants to adopt after a reading a story like that. (Another note about laws here - there is no such thing as a 'private
adoption.' It is seen as 'buying' a child. All adoptions go through
the state.)
Well, that's the state taking children from their families. What about women who would freely give their children up for adoption?
2. The issue of adoption v. abortion. The UK has much stricter laws on abortion than the US. Ironically, however, the abortion versus adoption ratio is 7 times higher than the United States. Is this because of the pro-life movement in the States? Or Christian conservatism? Or the lack of information regarding adoption here? One thing is clear, if a woman decides to keep her pregnancy, then the government provides huge resources for her to keep her child. A single mother in the UK will be given a home that is rent free, money for food and clothing, her internet/phone/tv paid for, as well as given enough money each month to look after her child so she can stay at home, even if the child is in school.
3. Race and religion have unwillingly played a part. Up until very recently, those in charge of the adoption process were instructed to not allow cross-racial or cross-religious adoption. The sad reality is that the majority of families looking to adopt are Caucasian, while the majority of children needing homes are Afro-Carribean and Asian. Thankfully, new legislation has come out to discourage this practice, reasoning that a child adopted into a loving home who will have to work through the very real issues of identity will still fair better than a child who is shifted from one foster home to another. And yet, I heard on the radio (BBC Radio 4 - the equivalent to WNPR) less than a year ago a woman explaining the state of children born to Muslim parents who were needing homes. I could not believe my ears when she came out and said that if there were parents out there who were really desperate to adopt, they should convert to Islam and then an adoption would almost be guaranteed.
4. In this country, as I'm sure in the States as well, there are far too many sad stories of young women who fell in love, became pregnant out of wedlock, and were forced to give up their child. Before the 1960s most of these women were taken to a home, usually run by people of faith, to have the baby. As soon as the child was born, it was whisked away and given to another family. Their whereabouts were never revealed to the mother. These women did not have much choice. There would have been pressure from their families, their communities, their churches. The government did not provide much for them. Stories like these have rightly caused changes in society. However, it has also put a very negative connotation on the word 'adoption' for many people. They do not see it as an incredibly loving, self-sacrificing gift on the part of both the biological mother and the adopting parents. Instead, they can only see a hateful and monstrous society or belief system that would make a mother give up her child.
I met a woman recently who had grown up both on the west coast of the States and the west coast of Scotland. She had adopted a little girl from Scotland. Because she was both American and British, I wondered if I could ask
questions that I wouldn't be able to freely ask otherwise. Thankfully she understood that I meant well. She was incredibly positive about the experience. She and her husband had chosen to adopt locally because they had seen what some of these children go through. She agreed that adoption here is not as highly looked upon as in the States. Because this child would inevitably be from a deprived part of the country, those in charge of the process were most concerned with how this woman and her husband would feel when her child didn't achieve like their other children. Not 'if' this child didn't achieve, but 'when' this child didn't achieve. 'They had already damned this child before it was born!' Three years on, her child is happy, healthy, and head of her class.
There are many sad stories of adoption, and there are many amazing stories. Lord willing, there are many sad stories that will, in time, become amazing stories. In the meantime, I will be praying for my family, and for my friends.
"In love he predestined us to be adopted as his sons through Jesus Christ, in accordance with his pleasure and will -- to the praise of his glorious grace, which he has freely given us in the One he loves." Eph 1:5-6